Entering a new stage of development，In the "Beijing High-tech Industry Development Plan" during the "14th Five-Year Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") issued and implemented，And around the "planning" proposed to build "2441" sophisticated industrial system under the background，How to further improve the statistical monitoring of Beijing's high-end industries，We will better promote the development of high-end and sophisticated industries，It has become an urgent research topic at present。This paper analyzes the status quo, development trend and characteristics of Beijing's high-tech industry statistics. On this basis, it analyzes the difficulties existing in the statistics of high-tech industry, and puts forward some measures and suggestions to optimize the statistical monitoring of high-tech industry。

（(1) Beijing advanced industry statistics system has been preliminarily established

In 2017, Beijing issued the guiding opinions on ten high-tech industries, and the Municipal Bureau of Economy and Information Technology and the Municipal Bureau of Statistics took the lead in organizing relevant departments to carry out research on the statistical catalog and statistical system of Beijing's high-tech industries。On December 29, 2018, Beijing issued the "Beijing Top Ten High-tech Industry Registration Guidance Catalog (2018 edition)".。After that, on the basis of the revision of the 2018 edition of the catalog, the 2020 edition of the "Beijing Ten High-tech Industry Statistical Classification Catalog (Trial)" will be formed.。The formulation of the above two editions of the catalog and the relevant statistical system arrangement provide an institutional guarantee for the regular statistical monitoring of the development of advanced and sophisticated industries by the industrial authorities。

(2) High-tech industries have become the engine of the capital's economic development

Since 2014, through the concerted efforts of the whole city, the added value of high-tech industries in Beijing has accounted for nearly 30% of the city's GDP, and high-tech industries have become the engine of the capital's economic development。In 2021, there will be 10,445 high-end and sophisticated industrial units in Beijing, with a revenue of 46,705.600 million yuan, an increase of 22 percent year-on-year.0%;The total profit achieved was 9,165.300 million yuan, an increase of 44 percent year-on-year.1%;The total number of employees is 215.90,000 people, an increase of 2.4%。From the perspective of regional distribution, Haidian District is the largest, and the business income of high-end and sophisticated industries accounts for nearly half (48%) of the city;From the perspective of internal structure, the revenue of the new generation of information technology industry, software and information service industry, and science and technology service industry accounted for 57 percent of the high-end industry.1%、48%、25.3% (new generation of information technology industries, software and information services with a large proportion of statistical duplication)。In terms of industrial cluster building, it has cultivated and formed a new generation of information technology (including software and information services), science and technology services two trillion industrial clusters, initially formed medicine and health, intelligent equipment, artificial intelligence, energy conservation and environmental protection, integrated circuit five billion industrial clusters。

Compared with traditional industries, the development trend and characteristics of Beijing's "2441" sophisticated industries are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. The integration of manufacturing and service industries has been further strengthened

Looking at the development trend of the manufacturing industry at home and abroad, the manufacturing industry is changing from the traditional industrial form to the service-oriented manufacturing form, and the boundary between manufacturing and service is becoming increasingly blurred。Taking the medical and health industry in "2441" as an example, in addition to the two key development areas of innovative drugs and new devices, new health services have become one of the key development areas of the medical and health industry, and the subdivision categories include Internet medical care, "intelligent +" health management, digital traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment and other service formats。From a quantitative point of view, the pharmaceutical and health industry planning target is expected to achieve 1 trillion yuan of operating income by 2025, of which the operating income of new health services is 600 billion yuan。

(2) High-tech industries and the digital economy penetrate each other and integrate deeply

At present, the new generation of information technology and advanced manufacturing technology are integrated into each other, and run through every link of advanced manufacturing industry。The cutting-edge technology community formed by artificial intelligence, digital twins, smart travel, perceptual decision-making, blockchain, and mobile Internet will continue to promote the integrated development of advanced manufacturing with the new generation of information technology and modern service industries。Take automobile manufacturing, Beijing's traditional leading industry, as an example，As part of BAIC Group in Beijing fuel vehicle production plant production production，Relying on the original car company's stock plant and other space resources and mature industrial chain supporting system，It has attracted representatives such as Ideal Cars and Xiaomi Cars，Reflecting the integration of advanced manufacturing and information services, new car-making forces have gathered，The proportion of electronic core components, application-oriented software and other products in the value composition of the vehicle has increased significantly。

(3) The security and stability of the industrial chain has a profound impact on high-end industries

From a global perspective, affected by the energy crisis and economic stagnation and recession, the unstable factors in the supply relationship of the manufacturing industry have increased, and the globalization of the industrial chain and supply chain of the advanced manufacturing industry has entered a reshaping period, and its configuration logic has changed from the priority of efficiency to the priority of security and stability。In this context, many provinces and cities in the country will improve the industrial chain supply chain system as the top priority of work。Compared with the Yangtze River Delta and other regions, there is a big gap between the supporting ecological environment of the industrial chain in Beijing and even in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the proportion of spare parts supporting leading enterprises in the existing industrial chain in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is low, and mainly supporting low value-added products。During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the impact of industrial chain security and stability on regional economic development will be further expanded, and the significance of statistical monitoring research based on industrial chain will be further highlighted。

(4) The proportion of the "three new" economy in high-tech industries has further increased

The "three new" economy is a collection of economic activities with new industries, new business forms and new business models as the core content。In recent years, the "three new" economy characterized by "data", "integration" and "sharing" has integrated new technologies into the traditional manufacturing industry and accelerated the pace of transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry。During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with the acceleration of industrial digital upgrading, emerging demands such as information consumption, platform consumption, digital consumption and intelligent consumption are growing rapidly, and the new driving forces represented by the "Three new" economy will show strong vitality。The "2441" high-tech industrial system proposed by the "Planning" has many areas with the "three new" economic characteristics, and the proportion of the "three new" economy in the high-tech industries will be further increased。

(5) The shift from traditional single industry statistics to derivative industry statistics

At present, China's national economic statistics are based on industry classification as the main classification standard。With the industrial change, the cross-integration within and between industries is deepening，Corporate economic activity is more diversified，The number of enterprises engaged in multiple links in the industrial chain or engaged in multiple related industries has increased，And the new economy is no longer confined to a single industry，Its tentacles extend to all walks of life in the national economy，This poses a serious challenge to the statistical investigation with industry statistics as the object。On the basis of following the basic concepts and basic classification principles of national economic accounting, introducing the concept of derivative industry statistics, through the expansion of the basic concepts of high-precision industry, and the re-combination and processing of basic classification, it will become a new way to improve the statistics of high-precision industry。

Based on the new characteristics and new trends of the development of high-end and sophisticated industries, the industrial ecology of advanced manufacturing will continue to be enriched by new technologies, the boundaries of traditional industries will gradually expand, and new formats and new models will continue to be derived, which brings severe challenges to the statistical investigation based on industry statistics。In summary, the development of sophisticated industrial statistical monitoring faces the following difficulties:

(1) It is difficult to divide the boundary of high-tech industries

Many industries contained in the "2441" sophisticated industrial system have typical derivative industry characteristics, and some emerging industries are the products of cross-integration between industries。Taking the artificial intelligence industry as an example, the four industry codes included in the high-tech industry statistics catalog belong to the new generation of information technology industry and software information service industry。In addition, in the actual production and operation activities of enterprises, it is often a mixed operation of multiple formats with both manufacturing and service. For example, Baidu, as a leading enterprise in the field of software information service industry, has gradually become a new power enterprise of intelligent networked vehicles。The difficulty of dividing the boundaries between industries and between enterprises increases the difficulty of defining the classification of advanced and sophisticated industries。

(2) Precision accounting of sophisticated industries is difficult

In the derivative industry classification catalog formulated by the National Bureau of Statistics, most of the four-code industry subclasses only part of the production business activities belong to the derivative industry statistical classification, in response to this situation, it is usually added after these industry subclasses as a mark for processing。In order to accurately calculate the industry subcategories with *, it is necessary to develop relevant product catalogs and service catalogs as supplements。Taking the 2020 edition of the Beijing High-tech Industry Classification Catalog as an example, the catalog includes a total of 474 industry subcategories, of which 233 industry subcategories belong to high-tech industries and are marked with *。There are a large number of industry subcategories marked with *, and the proportion of part belongs to needs to be demonstrated by screening a large number of sample enterprises, which brings difficulties to the actual operation。

Take the two major industries of intelligent connected cars and medicine and health in the high-end industrial system as examples，The two key development areas of smart travel services and new health services include Internet security services (6440*), Internet data services (6450*), operation and maintenance services (6540*), information processing and storage support services (6550*), and security system monitoring services (7272*).，However, the proportion of each industry subcategory that belongs to smart travel services or new health services is difficult to accurately calculate。

(3) Statistical monitoring based on the industrial chain is difficult

At present, all over the country have taken the innovation chain, industrial chain, supply chain, and capital chain as the key to building a new development pattern。Around the "strong chain supplement chain" of sophisticated industries, Beijing has drawn a number of industrial chain maps in the fields of integrated circuits, new energy and intelligent connected vehicles, hydrogen energy and fuel cells, intelligent manufacturing and equipment, medicine and health, selected a number of industrial chain leading enterprises, and formulated special "strong chain supplement chain" support policies。但是，Because the statistical monitoring system based on the industrial chain breaks the statistical model for a single industry of the national economy，It is necessary to sort out the relationship between the upstream and downstream market entities of the innovation chain, industrial chain, supply chain and capital chain，And for hydrogen energy, Beidou and location navigation services and other industrial chains are too long，The limit of upstream and downstream extension of the industrial chain is difficult to determine，As a result, the statistical monitoring system based on the industrial chain has not been established for a long time。

(4) Precision accounting of sophisticated industries is difficult

At present, in addition to a small number of independent and sophisticated economies with clear business boundaries, many sophisticated industries are rooted in traditional economic entities, and have significant characteristics of cross-industry and even cross-industry。For example, the main business of Yanshan Petrochemical belongs to the basic and new materials industry, and Yanshan Petrochemical is also a leading enterprise in the field of hydrogen energy in Beijing, but its hydrogen energy business is difficult to be counted separately。In addition, sophisticated industries may also exist in the form of economic consortiums characterized by technologies, platforms, and even service models。同时，Because some of the enterprises involved in the statistical classification of high-end industries have the characteristics of light assets and high human capital input，And some enterprises belong to the enterprises under the regulation with special and new characteristics，Compared with traditional enterprises, the change is fast, the average life cycle is short, and the instability is strong，As a result, the dynamic maintenance of the high-end enterprise directory is difficult，Easy to cause leakage。According to the current statistical system based on the principle of "independent accounting legal person", it is "powerless".。

(5) Difficulty in connecting statistical caliber between regions

Social and economic development is specific, vivid, and changing, compared with the usual national economic statistics and accounting industries, the derivative industries that focus on encouraging and accelerating the development are different in different regions and at different times in the same region。Advanced and sophisticated industries have the typical characteristics of derivative industries，That is, on the basis of the original classification of national economic industries，Comprehensive regional industrial development characteristics and industrial development orientation，It has the characteristics of "high, fine and sharp"，An industrial sector consisting of a number of industries of special importance to economic development，From the concept proposed in 2014 to the current formation of the "2441" industrial system，Its concept and scope are also evolving dynamically。In addition, the derivative industry has typical regional characteristics, which makes it difficult to make a horizontal comparison between Beijing's high-end industry statistics and those of Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other cities。

"2441" sophisticated industrial system and its 40 key development directions，Many belong to the new economy，There are still problems such as unclear concepts, different statistical ranges, lack of enterprise identification standards, poor connection between departments, and uneven public awareness，For the "2441" sophisticated industrial system, it is difficult to formulate a statistical catalog based solely on the subcategories of national economic industries to meet the actual needs。Drawing on the national and foreign provinces and cities for the statistical classification of new economy and derivative industries, it is suggested to innovate and optimize the statistical monitoring of high-grade and sophisticated industries from the following aspects:

(1) Select key areas to formulate trial measures for statistical classification

For the "2441" sophisticated industrial system and the key development areas included，Refer to the experience and practice of Chengdu New Economy Commission in formulating the "Chengdu Blockchain Industry Statistical Classification (Trial)", "Chengdu Artificial Intelligence Industry Statistical Classification (Trial)" and "Chengdu Big Data and Related Industry Statistical Classification (Revised in 2020)" respectively for the blockchain, artificial intelligence, and big Data industries，The selection of several Beijing has comparative advantages in the whole country，And statistics are not yet mature key areas，For example, Beidou and location navigation services, network security and information creation, virtual reality, blockchain and advanced computing, information content consumption and other fields have respectively formulated trial measures for statistical classification。Before formulating the statistical classification catalogue of each industry, the method can clarify the concept of each industry on the basis of the relevant documents of the state, other provinces and cities and cities, so that the whole city can form a unified understanding of the emerging fields。

(2) Clear industrial boundaries with the support of industrial chain mapping

Among the "2441" sophisticated industrial system and the key development fields it contains, many fields have a long industrial chain, covering software, hardware, services, and the characteristics of integration and application between vertical industries。In view of this，The proposal is based on the scientific definition of the key areas of high-tech industries，Learn from the statistical classification composition of each industry by relevant domestic and foreign institutions，On the basis of mapping the industrial chain，The components of each focus area are divided into software, hardware, services and converged applications，Define the statistical scope for each area，In order to reflect to the greatest extent the basic activities closely related to the field。For example, Chengdu divides the artificial intelligence industry into four parts: artificial intelligence software development, artificial intelligence hardware and equipment manufacturing, artificial intelligence services and artificial intelligence fusion application, and divides the industry subclasses of four codes for each part。

(3) To study and formulate standards for the identification of enterprises in each key field

Sophisticated industries are derived from traditional industries, and many sophisticated businesses are only a limited part of the main business of some enterprises。In view of this situation, it is suggested that on the basis of clarifying the concept and statistical scope of each key area, the types of enterprises should be divided and the criteria for identifying advanced and sophisticated enterprises should be clarified。For example, Chengdu first divides blockchain enterprises into four categories: blockchain underlying technology enterprises, blockchain platform construction and operation enterprises, blockchain industry application enterprises, and blockchain technology application support enterprises，Then, the enterprise identification standards are formulated from the aspects of the proportion of the investment amount of blockchain products or services in the total investment of the enterprise, the proportion of the income amount of blockchain products or services in the total business income of the enterprise, and the number of blockchain business personnel in the number of employees of the enterprise。In addition, it is suggested that on the basis of clarifying the identification standards of enterprises in emerging fields, a statistical monitoring database of enterprises in different industries should be established to form a statistical monitoring platform support for emerging industries。

(4) Re-coding, re-classifying and renaming advanced industries

For the key development areas of high-end and sophisticated industries，The proposal is based on the principle of homogeneity in the Classification of National Economic Industries (GB/T 4754-2017)，Reclassify the relevant industry categories in the classification of national economic industries that conform to the characteristics of key industrial areas and are aimed at providing related products (goods or services)。For example, Chengdu has divided the big data industry into 4 industry categories, namely, big data basic support industry, big data service industry, big data fusion application industry, and big data-related industry, and the 4 industry categories are further divided into 24 medium categories and 58 sub-categories。In addition, Chengdu has renamed the names of the above industry categories, middle classes and small classes, realizing the reclassification and renaming on the basis of the classification of national economic industries。

(5) Increase application-oriented industrial categories based on industrial extension

Many of the "2441" high-tech industrial system and its key development areas have extensive outreach and deep vertical penetration between industries, such as Beidou and location navigation, new health services, intelligent connected vehicles, hydrogen energy and other fields。It is suggested to draw on the experience and practice of the country and other provinces and cities to distinguish between core industries and non-core industries (core industries include the three links of software, hardware and services of the industrial chain, and non-core industries are the penetration content of this field into vertical industries).。例如，Statistical Classification of Digital Economy and Its Core Industries (2021) released by National Bureau of Statistics，The digital economy is divided into two categories: core industry and non-core industry，Non-core industries use artificial intelligence technology，We will provide application services for smart agriculture, smart transportation, smart logistics, smart education, smart medical care, smart architecture, smart sports, entertainment and other industries。

(6) Strengthen data coordination and joint construction and sharing among departments

Many areas of high-end industries have strong professionalism and cutting-edge, individual industries are still in the conceptual stage, and the statistical category is not clear。High-tech industry statistics should adhere to demand-oriented, strengthen the unified understanding of relatively open and close cooperation between commissions and bureaus and between internal agencies in the statistical monitoring process, and cooperate according to the division of duties and expertise。例如，In the construction of advanced industrial enterprise directory database，The Municipal Bureau of Economy and Information, the Municipal Science and Technology Commission, the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Municipal Bureau of Commerce and other industrial departments are responsible for the formulation of high-grade enterprise standards，The statistical department is responsible for extracting data from the Nantong enterprise database according to the standard to form a high-level enterprise directory database;In terms of statistical indicators，The statistics department is responsible for the main comprehensive indicators reflecting the operation of advanced and sophisticated industries with added value as the core，The "professional" indicators, such as the scale, composition and technical support of products and services reflecting high-end industries, are mainly statistics of industrial sectors。